Toefl
TOEFL is an abbreviation of the Test Of English as a Foreign Language. TOEFL is the standardization of one's English ability in writing which covers four aspects of mastery : Listening, WRI
Type TOEFL and score's
TOEFL English test consists of two types: Computer-based Testing and Paper-Based Testing. Computer Model -based Testing is a test that uses a computer media . This model assessment scores
Definition Subject- Verb Agreement
Subject- verb agreement is a rapprochement between the verb ( a verb ) with the subject line in terms of number, namely : singular (singular ) or plural ( plural ) . Subjects can be either a noun ( noun) , pronou
Subject-Verb Agreement
Generally in the present tense , singular verb form base form ( basic form ) of the verb with the added ending ( suffix ) -s . As for the plural verb with no added ending -s ( otherwise)
Example of sentences Subject-Verb Agreement
1 My boss always comes on time.
(Bos saya selalu datang tepat waktu.)
2 They like eating out. (Mereka suka makan diluar.)
3 He is working. (Dia sedang bekerja.)
4 I do submit the task. (Saya harus mengirimkan tugas tersebut.)
5 The manager has checked the documents.
(Manager telah mengecek dokumen-dokumen tersebut.)
College Test Prep Articles & Advice
Tips & Strategies You Need to Know for the TOEFL Test
By Peterson's Staff on Wednesday, January 13, 2016
Knowing general test-taking strategies for the TOEFL and tips specific to the format you will take the test in, such as the paper-based test or the iBT, will help you on test day
General strategies to help you prepare for the TOEFL test
Find out which version of the TOEFL you will take
Depending on where and when you take the TOEFL test, you will encounter either the Internet-based Test (TOEFL iBT) or the TOEFL Paper-based Test (TOEFL PBT). Be sure of which format you will use. Your TOEFL score from either test will be accepted by the colleges you choose, but the differences in the test formats will influence some of your TOEFL preparation.
Approach the TOEFL test with a plan
Spend enough time in TOEFL preparation so that you know where your strengths and weaknesses lie. Having this kind of understanding can help you decide where to focus your energies as you prepare for the test. If you will be taking the Paper-based Test (PBT), work through some practice tests and then concentrate your TOEFL preparation on any weak areas. Take time to review your strong areas, but invest your time to build up your weaknesses. If your exam will be the Internet-based test (iBT), be sure to visit the TOEFL iBT Web site (www.ets.org/toefl) and examine the information presented there. In addition, get your teacher's opinion on where you can best spend your preparation time. ETS provides sample questions for both the PBT and iBT on its Web site.
To maximize your TOEFL score, be ready for test conditions and be well-rehearsed
Practice makes permanence! If you set aside time in a quiet place to take some practice exams, you'll be ready for the rigors of sitting in a chair and focusing on the TOEFL test material. The PBT is a 3-and-a-half hour test, and the iBT takes about 4-and-a-half hours. It's a good idea to dress in layers and bring a sweater or sweatshirt because the temperature in the testing room may be warmer or colder than you anticipated. You want to be able to show everything you know on the test. English-language tests can be hard enough on their own—you don't need to be dealing with hot or cold temperatures during the test too.
Become familiar with the directions and questions before the TOEFL test
Each of the test sections has a time limit, and you want to make the most of the time you are given. Use a portion of your preparation to become familiar with the directions for each section and how the questions are set up. Then you can use all you time in answering the questions instead of reviewing the directions.
Paper-based TOEFL tips and strategies
Reading Comprehension
Skim the passage first to get a sense of the main idea. You can always go back and look up specifics. Answer the questions that ask about vocabulary words and details first. Then work on questions that ask you about the main idea or require you to make inferences. You will answer 50 questions in 55 minutes.
Structure and Written Expression
Think about the simplest, clearest way to express an idea. If an answer choice sounds awkward or overly complicated, chances are good that it's wrong. Brush up on your English grammar for this part of the test. You will have 25 minutes to complete 40 questions.
Listening Comprehension
Become as familiar with the English language as you can, including learning vocabulary words and idioms. Practice working with the language in everyday life; this will help you become more comfortable with it and understand it better. These 50 questions will take 30 to 40 minutes to complete.
Writing
Planning for a few minutes before writing will help you to write a more focused and organized essay. It is important to develop your ideas and express them clearly, using examples to back them up. Although the essay doesn't need to be grammatically perfect, try to make as few errors as possible. Always save a few minutes at the end to proofread. You will have 30 minutes to organize and write on your topic.
TOEFL iBT tips and strategies
Note taking
Just like in a college classroom, you will be allowed to take notes on what you hear and read during the test and then use your notes when answering the questions.
Writing
On the iBT, the Writing test is 50 minutes and consists of two tasks. For one task, you write independently for 30 minutes to support an opinion on a topic. For the other task, you write for 20 minutes in response to things you hear and read. You need to be able to type on a keyboard to enter your written responses.
Listening
During the Listening test, which runs from 60 to 90 minutes, you answer sets of 5 or 6 questions that are based on lectures and conversations, each of which lasts from three to five minutes. You will hear more than one native English accent.
Speaking
During the Speaking test, you will spend 20 minutes responding to six tasks. With each task, you will have a short time to organize your thoughts before responding. Two tasks will require you to talk about a familiar topic. Four other tasks will be "integrated," asking you to speak in response to things you have heard and read.
Reading
You will receive a glossary that will define certain key words in the Reading test. The test lasts for 60 to 100 minutes. You will be presented with three, four, or five passages from academic books and will answer 12 to 14 questions that are based on each of the passages.
Make your TOEFL preparation pay off
Make the most of the time you have to prepare for your TOEFL test. Whether you take the Paper-based Test or the TOEFL iBT, careful and thoughtful preparation will be reflected in the TOEFL score you receive. Make the most of your opportunity and show your chosen college how well you can use and understand the English language.
Structure toefl
A. Basic Sentences Structure
In general, there was no significant difference between the structure of English sentences with Indonesian, where a sentence is built upon four main components, namely.
Subject (S) + Verb (V) + Complement (C) + Modifier (M)
Example :
We studied grammar last week
We + studied + grammar + last week
S + V + C + M
1. SUBJECT
Ø is the agent of sentence in the active voice
Ø is thing/person that performs or responsible for the action of a sentence
Ø normally precedes the verb
Example :
· I explain how to study English
· She listens to my explanation
· They didn’t understand that language
The subject can be seen from the question who or what is doing the action of a sentence.
2. VERB
Verb is the action of a sentence. Verb phrase: auxilaries combination with the main verb.
Example :
· I am learning English (am = auxilary, learning = main verb)
· My brother is very clever
· She has gone home (has = auxilary, gone = main verb)
· I have been waiting here (have been = auxilary, waiting = main verb)
3. COMPLEMENT
ü Usually a noun or noun phrase
ü usually found after the verb in the active sentence
ü complement to answer the question what or whom
example :
ü Sarijon bought a cake yesterday
ü What did Sarijon buy yesterday? –> a cake.
ü He saw Tony at the movie
ü Whom did he see at the movie? –> Tony
ü I explain pharmacology to my students
ü What do I explain to my students? –> pharmacology
4. MODIFIER
ü Modifier describes the time, place, or manner of an action or actions
ü The most common form of the modifier is a propositional phrase (group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun. Preposition = on, out, under, behind, etc
ü Modifier answer the questions when, where, or how
Example :
ü John bought a book at a book fair
ü Where did John buy a book? –> at a book fair
ü She is driving very fast
ü How is she driving? –> very fast
ü I posted my application yesterday
ü When do I post my application? –> yesterday
example problems :
1) The Eiffel Tower is a landmark in Paris, France
2) Young deer is fawns
3) A dream about falling is scary
4) Those flowers are beautiful
B. Parallel Structure
Parallelism means that the words used in a series or group that should have the same form as grammar. When we use words or phrases that are connected by a chain, then it must be the same shape as grammar. Consider the following example:
· Terry likes swimming and to dive. (False - not parallel)
· Terry likes swimming and diving. (True - parallel)
· Terry likes to swim and (to) dive. (True - parallel)
· I'm taking history, math, and chemical. (False - Chemical not a noun)
· I'm taking history, math, and chemistry
Example problem :
Identify and correct the mistakes in parallel structure in the following sentences
1. I swept the yard, weeded the garden and washed the clothes.
2. James decided to get up early, practice some yoga and eat healthy foods.
3. Although I trained hard, practiced every day and listened to my trainer, I never won a tournament.
4. I wish he would listen to me, take my advice and stop smoking.
5. He is an articulate, intelligent and thoughtful speaker.
C. Comparative Adjectives
When talking about the two objects, we can compare and see the differences as well similarities between the two objects. Maybe it has the same thing on one side and the difference on the other side. To compare the difference between the two objects we use comparative adjectives. Comparison is only using comparative adjectives to compare between two objects only.
There are two ways to create a comparative adjectives:
1.Adding the suffix-er (short adjectives)
2. Adding more prefix (long adjectives)
Addition of a suffix rule for short adjectives:
ü Generally only added adjective-er, for example: older, smaller, richer, etc.
ü If the ending-e, just add r, for example: later, nicer, etc.
ü If the ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant, the final consonant plus, then plus-er, for example: bigger, hotter, etc.
ü If the ending-y, then y changed to i then added er, for example: happier, Earlier, busier, heavier, etc.
ü For long adjectives, the rule only adds more words only on adjectives, for example: expensive to be more expensive, more beautiful to be beautiful, and so on. Some adjectives have irregular shapes, such as good - better, well (healthy) - better, bad - worse, far - farther / further, etc.
Adjectives with two syllables can use-er or more: quiet - quieter / more quiet, clever - cleverer / more clever, narrow - narrower / more narrow, simple - Simpler / more simple. Comparative adjectives are not only used to compare two different objects, but can also be used to compare the same object that points to itself, and the object is not to say, as one example sentence above: I want to have a more powerful computer.
Adjectives with two syllables
If the adjective has two or more syllables, we add more before the adjective. example:
ü This book is more expensive than that book.
ü This picture is more beautiful.
However, there are many exceptions to the rule of one / two syllables it.
Some words with 2 syllables have properties similar to words that have 1 syllable.
Example:
§ This is Easier – True
§ This is more easy - not really
§ This is Simpler – True
§ This is more simple - not true
And some adjectives can use both comparative form. example:
· Clever - cleverer - more clever: These are all correct
· Quiet - quieter - more quiet: These are all correct.
No exceptions can be learned through the rules, the best way to learn is to learn it one by one.
Example problems :
1. The Nile river is longer than the Amazon.
2. I’m taller than Yuri but shorter than Miko.
3. They’re more handsome than us, but we’re smarter than them.
4. This book bag is more expensive than that bag.
5. This newspaper is better than that newspaper.
Source :
Contoh soal Acept UGM Source: English Training Program (AcEPT & TOEFL ...
TOEFL: For Academic Institutions: TOEFL Program Resources - ETS
What are the best sources for the TOEFL reading section? - Quora
TOEFL Resources: Want a Better Score on the TOEFL iBT?
