Debu
(Emha Ainun Nadjib)
Debu yang menempel di keningmu
Biarkan, jangan diusap
Jika usai rakaat terakhir
Teruskan berdzikir
Disuruh oleh Allah butir-butir debu itu
Agar menyerap kotoran dari gumpalan otakmu
Jika telah penuh muatannya
Akan tanggal dengan sendirinya
Nanti pikiranmu mengkaca benggala
Beningnya tak terbilang kata
Cahaya Allah menembusnya
Memantul darimu ke wajah buram dunia
Kalau engkau bersujud hingga rakaat tak terhingga
Wajahmu sirna, menjelma cahaya
Kepada para malaikat, alam dan manusia
Tak bisa kau sodorkan apa pun kecuali cahaya
Cahaya hanya satu
Namanya satu
Kau dengar Allah menyapa, Muhammad menyapa
Dari dalam diri, yang bukan lagi pribadi
Layang-layang
(D. Zamawi Imron)
sederhana sekali naiknya layang-layang itu
membawa harapan, membawa nama-nama
(angin mengukir gunung dengan nilai-nilai di pusat lembah yang teduh ada tempayan purba dibasuh)
dalam takdir yang amat rahasia
maka putuslah layang-layang itu
sejumlah anak telah menunggu
dan siap memperebutkannya
pada hingar-bingar yang seperti sorak dunia
layang-layang itu koyak-moyak tak tentu bentuknya
(angin mengetuk jantung
nilai-nilai pun bangkit
setangkai mawar jatuh
dari segumpal kesedihan)
Hujan
(Soni Farid Maulana)
Hujan, curahkan berkahmu yang hijau pada lembah hatiku.
Puaskan dahaga akar tumbuhan
Agar jiwaku
Terasa segar membajak kehidupan
Di pinggir jendela kuingat benar tahun lalu
Aku masih kanak bersenda-gurau, bernyanyi riang
Memutar-mutar payung hitam di bawah curahmu
Yang berkilau bagai perak tersentuh bulan
O, hujan, puaskan dahaga jiwaku agar berubah
Agar hidup menyeruak
Bagai tumbuhan
Menjemput cahaya maha cahaya
Diponegoro
(Chairil Anwar)
Di masa pembangunan ini
Tuan hidup kembali
Dan bara kagum menjadi api
Di depan sekali tuan menanti
Tak gentar. Lawan banyaknya seratus kali
Pedang di kanan, keris di kiri
Berselempang semangat yang tak bisa mati
Maju
Ini barisan tak bergenderang berpalu
Kepercayaan tanda menyerbu
Sekali berarti
Sudah itu mati
Maju
Bagimu negeri
Menyediakan api
Punah di atas menghamba
Binasa di atas ditindas
Sungguh pun dalam ajal baru tercapai
Jika hidup harus merasai
Maju
Serbu
Serang
Terjang
Nyanyian Jiwa
(Fauzi Arifin)
akulah hati yang bimbang
oleh petuah dan ajaran
akulah rindu yang melata
di bumi berkalung duka lara
akulah sepi yang mengaji
bertengger di keluasan jagat raya
akulah burung yang berkulik itu
berkabar tentang diri yang ada
akulah gelisah yang terjaga
mabuk dan menari separuh irama
akulah lirik dan lagunya
meratap menggemakan takbir di sudut-sudut dunia
Selasa, 21 Juni 2016
Senin, 02 Mei 2016
Plans After College
after I graduated from college , I will work start looking for a job that fits my personality and tittle that I got in college. I will probably be looking for a job in a bank or government agencies. why would I want to work in both places ? because in both places that I think is the work that is promising profit management graduates.
why I chose to work after graduation than to continue my education ? because I want to have my own income , and I want to help the economy in my family . Other than that I want to get my parents happy. especially my parents live just my mother. My father had died since I was in senior high school.
once I have decent jobs and good , I have no desire to continue my studies back in. maybe I 'll take the faculty of law or master's degree in economics. But it is still my plan for the future. for the moment I am more focused to quickly pass and get a good job and decent.
why I chose to work after graduation than to continue my education ? because I want to have my own income , and I want to help the economy in my family . Other than that I want to get my parents happy. especially my parents live just my mother. My father had died since I was in senior high school.
once I have decent jobs and good , I have no desire to continue my studies back in. maybe I 'll take the faculty of law or master's degree in economics. But it is still my plan for the future. for the moment I am more focused to quickly pass and get a good job and decent.
Pangandaran Beach
Pangandaran Beach is located in Ciamis, West Java . Pangandaran beach has beautiful scenery. This beach has white sand. Pangandaran Beach, we can see the beautiful waves, boats, assorted shellfish, and fish. Pangandaran Beach is very famous in Indonesia. This beach is the most visited while on vacation.
We can go to the beach by car, small bus, medium bus, or big bus. It would be better if we went to the beach with family or friends. To go to Pangandaran Beach takes about 8 hours. Pangandaran Beach, we can enjoy the fresh coastal air, water play, sand play, diving, play with the fish, and the boat ride.
In Pangandaran there are many stalls selling "souvenirs" are ready to take home. Ranging from Temporary tattoo shop, clothes shop, knick knacks beach, to wait for salted fish stall visited. And we can also enjoy the typical food Pangandaran on the waterfront. There are also natural caves and artificial caves such as stage cave, Parat cave, Mudal Well cave, lanang and Japan caves. As well as water sources Rengganis.
We will also go Pangandaran nature reserve. In this Pangandaran nature reserve along the forest we would save a million charm. 1,000 ha nature reserve has a variety of flora and fauna such as the lotus flower raflesia, bison, deer, and various species of monkeys.
If you go to Pangandaran beach, you will feel happy. All the problems that exist in your head will be lost.
We can go to the beach by car, small bus, medium bus, or big bus. It would be better if we went to the beach with family or friends. To go to Pangandaran Beach takes about 8 hours. Pangandaran Beach, we can enjoy the fresh coastal air, water play, sand play, diving, play with the fish, and the boat ride.
In Pangandaran there are many stalls selling "souvenirs" are ready to take home. Ranging from Temporary tattoo shop, clothes shop, knick knacks beach, to wait for salted fish stall visited. And we can also enjoy the typical food Pangandaran on the waterfront. There are also natural caves and artificial caves such as stage cave, Parat cave, Mudal Well cave, lanang and Japan caves. As well as water sources Rengganis.
We will also go Pangandaran nature reserve. In this Pangandaran nature reserve along the forest we would save a million charm. 1,000 ha nature reserve has a variety of flora and fauna such as the lotus flower raflesia, bison, deer, and various species of monkeys.
If you go to Pangandaran beach, you will feel happy. All the problems that exist in your head will be lost.
Selasa, 26 April 2016
Toefl
Toefl
TOEFL is an abbreviation of the Test Of English as a Foreign Language. TOEFL is the standardization of one's English ability in writing which covers four aspects of mastery : Listening, WRI
Type TOEFL and score's
TOEFL English test consists of two types: Computer-based Testing and Paper-Based Testing. Computer Model -based Testing is a test that uses a computer media . This model assessment scores
Definition Subject- Verb Agreement
Subject- verb agreement is a rapprochement between the verb ( a verb ) with the subject line in terms of number, namely : singular (singular ) or plural ( plural ) . Subjects can be either a noun ( noun) , pronou
Subject-Verb Agreement
Generally in the present tense , singular verb form base form ( basic form ) of the verb with the added ending ( suffix ) -s . As for the plural verb with no added ending -s ( otherwise)
Example of sentences Subject-Verb Agreement
1 My boss always comes on time.
(Bos saya selalu datang tepat waktu.)
2 They like eating out. (Mereka suka makan diluar.)
3 He is working. (Dia sedang bekerja.)
4 I do submit the task. (Saya harus mengirimkan tugas tersebut.)
5 The manager has checked the documents.
(Manager telah mengecek dokumen-dokumen tersebut.)
College Test Prep Articles & Advice
Tips & Strategies You Need to Know for the TOEFL Test
By Peterson's Staff on Wednesday, January 13, 2016
Knowing general test-taking strategies for the TOEFL and tips specific to the format you will take the test in, such as the paper-based test or the iBT, will help you on test day
General strategies to help you prepare for the TOEFL test
Find out which version of the TOEFL you will take
Depending on where and when you take the TOEFL test, you will encounter either the Internet-based Test (TOEFL iBT) or the TOEFL Paper-based Test (TOEFL PBT). Be sure of which format you will use. Your TOEFL score from either test will be accepted by the colleges you choose, but the differences in the test formats will influence some of your TOEFL preparation.
Approach the TOEFL test with a plan
Spend enough time in TOEFL preparation so that you know where your strengths and weaknesses lie. Having this kind of understanding can help you decide where to focus your energies as you prepare for the test. If you will be taking the Paper-based Test (PBT), work through some practice tests and then concentrate your TOEFL preparation on any weak areas. Take time to review your strong areas, but invest your time to build up your weaknesses. If your exam will be the Internet-based test (iBT), be sure to visit the TOEFL iBT Web site (www.ets.org/toefl) and examine the information presented there. In addition, get your teacher's opinion on where you can best spend your preparation time. ETS provides sample questions for both the PBT and iBT on its Web site.
To maximize your TOEFL score, be ready for test conditions and be well-rehearsed
Practice makes permanence! If you set aside time in a quiet place to take some practice exams, you'll be ready for the rigors of sitting in a chair and focusing on the TOEFL test material. The PBT is a 3-and-a-half hour test, and the iBT takes about 4-and-a-half hours. It's a good idea to dress in layers and bring a sweater or sweatshirt because the temperature in the testing room may be warmer or colder than you anticipated. You want to be able to show everything you know on the test. English-language tests can be hard enough on their own—you don't need to be dealing with hot or cold temperatures during the test too.
Become familiar with the directions and questions before the TOEFL test
Each of the test sections has a time limit, and you want to make the most of the time you are given. Use a portion of your preparation to become familiar with the directions for each section and how the questions are set up. Then you can use all you time in answering the questions instead of reviewing the directions.
Paper-based TOEFL tips and strategies
Reading Comprehension
Skim the passage first to get a sense of the main idea. You can always go back and look up specifics. Answer the questions that ask about vocabulary words and details first. Then work on questions that ask you about the main idea or require you to make inferences. You will answer 50 questions in 55 minutes.
Structure and Written Expression
Think about the simplest, clearest way to express an idea. If an answer choice sounds awkward or overly complicated, chances are good that it's wrong. Brush up on your English grammar for this part of the test. You will have 25 minutes to complete 40 questions.
Listening Comprehension
Become as familiar with the English language as you can, including learning vocabulary words and idioms. Practice working with the language in everyday life; this will help you become more comfortable with it and understand it better. These 50 questions will take 30 to 40 minutes to complete.
Writing
Planning for a few minutes before writing will help you to write a more focused and organized essay. It is important to develop your ideas and express them clearly, using examples to back them up. Although the essay doesn't need to be grammatically perfect, try to make as few errors as possible. Always save a few minutes at the end to proofread. You will have 30 minutes to organize and write on your topic.
TOEFL iBT tips and strategies
Note taking
Just like in a college classroom, you will be allowed to take notes on what you hear and read during the test and then use your notes when answering the questions.
Writing
On the iBT, the Writing test is 50 minutes and consists of two tasks. For one task, you write independently for 30 minutes to support an opinion on a topic. For the other task, you write for 20 minutes in response to things you hear and read. You need to be able to type on a keyboard to enter your written responses.
Listening
During the Listening test, which runs from 60 to 90 minutes, you answer sets of 5 or 6 questions that are based on lectures and conversations, each of which lasts from three to five minutes. You will hear more than one native English accent.
Speaking
During the Speaking test, you will spend 20 minutes responding to six tasks. With each task, you will have a short time to organize your thoughts before responding. Two tasks will require you to talk about a familiar topic. Four other tasks will be "integrated," asking you to speak in response to things you have heard and read.
Reading
You will receive a glossary that will define certain key words in the Reading test. The test lasts for 60 to 100 minutes. You will be presented with three, four, or five passages from academic books and will answer 12 to 14 questions that are based on each of the passages.
Make your TOEFL preparation pay off
Make the most of the time you have to prepare for your TOEFL test. Whether you take the Paper-based Test or the TOEFL iBT, careful and thoughtful preparation will be reflected in the TOEFL score you receive. Make the most of your opportunity and show your chosen college how well you can use and understand the English language.
Structure toefl
A. Basic Sentences Structure
In general, there was no significant difference between the structure of English sentences with Indonesian, where a sentence is built upon four main components, namely.
Subject (S) + Verb (V) + Complement (C) + Modifier (M)
Example :
We studied grammar last week
We + studied + grammar + last week
S + V + C + M
1. SUBJECT
Ø is the agent of sentence in the active voice
Ø is thing/person that performs or responsible for the action of a sentence
Ø normally precedes the verb
Example :
· I explain how to study English
· She listens to my explanation
· They didn’t understand that language
The subject can be seen from the question who or what is doing the action of a sentence.
2. VERB
Verb is the action of a sentence. Verb phrase: auxilaries combination with the main verb.
Example :
· I am learning English (am = auxilary, learning = main verb)
· My brother is very clever
· She has gone home (has = auxilary, gone = main verb)
· I have been waiting here (have been = auxilary, waiting = main verb)
3. COMPLEMENT
ü Usually a noun or noun phrase
ü usually found after the verb in the active sentence
ü complement to answer the question what or whom
example :
ü Sarijon bought a cake yesterday
ü What did Sarijon buy yesterday? –> a cake.
ü He saw Tony at the movie
ü Whom did he see at the movie? –> Tony
ü I explain pharmacology to my students
ü What do I explain to my students? –> pharmacology
4. MODIFIER
ü Modifier describes the time, place, or manner of an action or actions
ü The most common form of the modifier is a propositional phrase (group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun. Preposition = on, out, under, behind, etc
ü Modifier answer the questions when, where, or how
Example :
ü John bought a book at a book fair
ü Where did John buy a book? –> at a book fair
ü She is driving very fast
ü How is she driving? –> very fast
ü I posted my application yesterday
ü When do I post my application? –> yesterday
example problems :
1) The Eiffel Tower is a landmark in Paris, France
2) Young deer is fawns
3) A dream about falling is scary
4) Those flowers are beautiful
B. Parallel Structure
Parallelism means that the words used in a series or group that should have the same form as grammar. When we use words or phrases that are connected by a chain, then it must be the same shape as grammar. Consider the following example:
· Terry likes swimming and to dive. (False - not parallel)
· Terry likes swimming and diving. (True - parallel)
· Terry likes to swim and (to) dive. (True - parallel)
· I'm taking history, math, and chemical. (False - Chemical not a noun)
· I'm taking history, math, and chemistry
Example problem :
Identify and correct the mistakes in parallel structure in the following sentences
1. I swept the yard, weeded the garden and washed the clothes.
2. James decided to get up early, practice some yoga and eat healthy foods.
3. Although I trained hard, practiced every day and listened to my trainer, I never won a tournament.
4. I wish he would listen to me, take my advice and stop smoking.
5. He is an articulate, intelligent and thoughtful speaker.
C. Comparative Adjectives
When talking about the two objects, we can compare and see the differences as well similarities between the two objects. Maybe it has the same thing on one side and the difference on the other side. To compare the difference between the two objects we use comparative adjectives. Comparison is only using comparative adjectives to compare between two objects only.
There are two ways to create a comparative adjectives:
1.Adding the suffix-er (short adjectives)
2. Adding more prefix (long adjectives)
Addition of a suffix rule for short adjectives:
ü Generally only added adjective-er, for example: older, smaller, richer, etc.
ü If the ending-e, just add r, for example: later, nicer, etc.
ü If the ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant, the final consonant plus, then plus-er, for example: bigger, hotter, etc.
ü If the ending-y, then y changed to i then added er, for example: happier, Earlier, busier, heavier, etc.
ü For long adjectives, the rule only adds more words only on adjectives, for example: expensive to be more expensive, more beautiful to be beautiful, and so on. Some adjectives have irregular shapes, such as good - better, well (healthy) - better, bad - worse, far - farther / further, etc.
Adjectives with two syllables can use-er or more: quiet - quieter / more quiet, clever - cleverer / more clever, narrow - narrower / more narrow, simple - Simpler / more simple. Comparative adjectives are not only used to compare two different objects, but can also be used to compare the same object that points to itself, and the object is not to say, as one example sentence above: I want to have a more powerful computer.
Adjectives with two syllables
If the adjective has two or more syllables, we add more before the adjective. example:
ü This book is more expensive than that book.
ü This picture is more beautiful.
However, there are many exceptions to the rule of one / two syllables it.
Some words with 2 syllables have properties similar to words that have 1 syllable.
Example:
§ This is Easier – True
§ This is more easy - not really
§ This is Simpler – True
§ This is more simple - not true
And some adjectives can use both comparative form. example:
· Clever - cleverer - more clever: These are all correct
· Quiet - quieter - more quiet: These are all correct.
No exceptions can be learned through the rules, the best way to learn is to learn it one by one.
Example problems :
1. The Nile river is longer than the Amazon.
2. I’m taller than Yuri but shorter than Miko.
3. They’re more handsome than us, but we’re smarter than them.
4. This book bag is more expensive than that bag.
5. This newspaper is better than that newspaper.
Source :
Contoh soal Acept UGM Source: English Training Program (AcEPT & TOEFL ...
TOEFL: For Academic Institutions: TOEFL Program Resources - ETS
What are the best sources for the TOEFL reading section? - Quora
TOEFL Resources: Want a Better Score on the TOEFL iBT?
TOEFL is an abbreviation of the Test Of English as a Foreign Language. TOEFL is the standardization of one's English ability in writing which covers four aspects of mastery : Listening, WRI
Type TOEFL and score's
TOEFL English test consists of two types: Computer-based Testing and Paper-Based Testing. Computer Model -based Testing is a test that uses a computer media . This model assessment scores
Definition Subject- Verb Agreement
Subject- verb agreement is a rapprochement between the verb ( a verb ) with the subject line in terms of number, namely : singular (singular ) or plural ( plural ) . Subjects can be either a noun ( noun) , pronou
Subject-Verb Agreement
Generally in the present tense , singular verb form base form ( basic form ) of the verb with the added ending ( suffix ) -s . As for the plural verb with no added ending -s ( otherwise)
Example of sentences Subject-Verb Agreement
1 My boss always comes on time.
(Bos saya selalu datang tepat waktu.)
2 They like eating out. (Mereka suka makan diluar.)
3 He is working. (Dia sedang bekerja.)
4 I do submit the task. (Saya harus mengirimkan tugas tersebut.)
5 The manager has checked the documents.
(Manager telah mengecek dokumen-dokumen tersebut.)
College Test Prep Articles & Advice
Tips & Strategies You Need to Know for the TOEFL Test
By Peterson's Staff on Wednesday, January 13, 2016
Knowing general test-taking strategies for the TOEFL and tips specific to the format you will take the test in, such as the paper-based test or the iBT, will help you on test day
General strategies to help you prepare for the TOEFL test
Find out which version of the TOEFL you will take
Depending on where and when you take the TOEFL test, you will encounter either the Internet-based Test (TOEFL iBT) or the TOEFL Paper-based Test (TOEFL PBT). Be sure of which format you will use. Your TOEFL score from either test will be accepted by the colleges you choose, but the differences in the test formats will influence some of your TOEFL preparation.
Approach the TOEFL test with a plan
Spend enough time in TOEFL preparation so that you know where your strengths and weaknesses lie. Having this kind of understanding can help you decide where to focus your energies as you prepare for the test. If you will be taking the Paper-based Test (PBT), work through some practice tests and then concentrate your TOEFL preparation on any weak areas. Take time to review your strong areas, but invest your time to build up your weaknesses. If your exam will be the Internet-based test (iBT), be sure to visit the TOEFL iBT Web site (www.ets.org/toefl) and examine the information presented there. In addition, get your teacher's opinion on where you can best spend your preparation time. ETS provides sample questions for both the PBT and iBT on its Web site.
To maximize your TOEFL score, be ready for test conditions and be well-rehearsed
Practice makes permanence! If you set aside time in a quiet place to take some practice exams, you'll be ready for the rigors of sitting in a chair and focusing on the TOEFL test material. The PBT is a 3-and-a-half hour test, and the iBT takes about 4-and-a-half hours. It's a good idea to dress in layers and bring a sweater or sweatshirt because the temperature in the testing room may be warmer or colder than you anticipated. You want to be able to show everything you know on the test. English-language tests can be hard enough on their own—you don't need to be dealing with hot or cold temperatures during the test too.
Become familiar with the directions and questions before the TOEFL test
Each of the test sections has a time limit, and you want to make the most of the time you are given. Use a portion of your preparation to become familiar with the directions for each section and how the questions are set up. Then you can use all you time in answering the questions instead of reviewing the directions.
Paper-based TOEFL tips and strategies
Reading Comprehension
Skim the passage first to get a sense of the main idea. You can always go back and look up specifics. Answer the questions that ask about vocabulary words and details first. Then work on questions that ask you about the main idea or require you to make inferences. You will answer 50 questions in 55 minutes.
Structure and Written Expression
Think about the simplest, clearest way to express an idea. If an answer choice sounds awkward or overly complicated, chances are good that it's wrong. Brush up on your English grammar for this part of the test. You will have 25 minutes to complete 40 questions.
Listening Comprehension
Become as familiar with the English language as you can, including learning vocabulary words and idioms. Practice working with the language in everyday life; this will help you become more comfortable with it and understand it better. These 50 questions will take 30 to 40 minutes to complete.
Writing
Planning for a few minutes before writing will help you to write a more focused and organized essay. It is important to develop your ideas and express them clearly, using examples to back them up. Although the essay doesn't need to be grammatically perfect, try to make as few errors as possible. Always save a few minutes at the end to proofread. You will have 30 minutes to organize and write on your topic.
TOEFL iBT tips and strategies
Note taking
Just like in a college classroom, you will be allowed to take notes on what you hear and read during the test and then use your notes when answering the questions.
Writing
On the iBT, the Writing test is 50 minutes and consists of two tasks. For one task, you write independently for 30 minutes to support an opinion on a topic. For the other task, you write for 20 minutes in response to things you hear and read. You need to be able to type on a keyboard to enter your written responses.
Listening
During the Listening test, which runs from 60 to 90 minutes, you answer sets of 5 or 6 questions that are based on lectures and conversations, each of which lasts from three to five minutes. You will hear more than one native English accent.
Speaking
During the Speaking test, you will spend 20 minutes responding to six tasks. With each task, you will have a short time to organize your thoughts before responding. Two tasks will require you to talk about a familiar topic. Four other tasks will be "integrated," asking you to speak in response to things you have heard and read.
Reading
You will receive a glossary that will define certain key words in the Reading test. The test lasts for 60 to 100 minutes. You will be presented with three, four, or five passages from academic books and will answer 12 to 14 questions that are based on each of the passages.
Make your TOEFL preparation pay off
Make the most of the time you have to prepare for your TOEFL test. Whether you take the Paper-based Test or the TOEFL iBT, careful and thoughtful preparation will be reflected in the TOEFL score you receive. Make the most of your opportunity and show your chosen college how well you can use and understand the English language.
Structure toefl
A. Basic Sentences Structure
In general, there was no significant difference between the structure of English sentences with Indonesian, where a sentence is built upon four main components, namely.
Subject (S) + Verb (V) + Complement (C) + Modifier (M)
Example :
We studied grammar last week
We + studied + grammar + last week
S + V + C + M
1. SUBJECT
Ø is the agent of sentence in the active voice
Ø is thing/person that performs or responsible for the action of a sentence
Ø normally precedes the verb
Example :
· I explain how to study English
· She listens to my explanation
· They didn’t understand that language
The subject can be seen from the question who or what is doing the action of a sentence.
2. VERB
Verb is the action of a sentence. Verb phrase: auxilaries combination with the main verb.
Example :
· I am learning English (am = auxilary, learning = main verb)
· My brother is very clever
· She has gone home (has = auxilary, gone = main verb)
· I have been waiting here (have been = auxilary, waiting = main verb)
3. COMPLEMENT
ü Usually a noun or noun phrase
ü usually found after the verb in the active sentence
ü complement to answer the question what or whom
example :
ü Sarijon bought a cake yesterday
ü What did Sarijon buy yesterday? –> a cake.
ü He saw Tony at the movie
ü Whom did he see at the movie? –> Tony
ü I explain pharmacology to my students
ü What do I explain to my students? –> pharmacology
4. MODIFIER
ü Modifier describes the time, place, or manner of an action or actions
ü The most common form of the modifier is a propositional phrase (group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun. Preposition = on, out, under, behind, etc
ü Modifier answer the questions when, where, or how
Example :
ü John bought a book at a book fair
ü Where did John buy a book? –> at a book fair
ü She is driving very fast
ü How is she driving? –> very fast
ü I posted my application yesterday
ü When do I post my application? –> yesterday
example problems :
1) The Eiffel Tower is a landmark in Paris, France
2) Young deer is fawns
3) A dream about falling is scary
4) Those flowers are beautiful
B. Parallel Structure
Parallelism means that the words used in a series or group that should have the same form as grammar. When we use words or phrases that are connected by a chain, then it must be the same shape as grammar. Consider the following example:
· Terry likes swimming and to dive. (False - not parallel)
· Terry likes swimming and diving. (True - parallel)
· Terry likes to swim and (to) dive. (True - parallel)
· I'm taking history, math, and chemical. (False - Chemical not a noun)
· I'm taking history, math, and chemistry
Example problem :
Identify and correct the mistakes in parallel structure in the following sentences
1. I swept the yard, weeded the garden and washed the clothes.
2. James decided to get up early, practice some yoga and eat healthy foods.
3. Although I trained hard, practiced every day and listened to my trainer, I never won a tournament.
4. I wish he would listen to me, take my advice and stop smoking.
5. He is an articulate, intelligent and thoughtful speaker.
C. Comparative Adjectives
When talking about the two objects, we can compare and see the differences as well similarities between the two objects. Maybe it has the same thing on one side and the difference on the other side. To compare the difference between the two objects we use comparative adjectives. Comparison is only using comparative adjectives to compare between two objects only.
There are two ways to create a comparative adjectives:
1.Adding the suffix-er (short adjectives)
2. Adding more prefix (long adjectives)
Addition of a suffix rule for short adjectives:
ü Generally only added adjective-er, for example: older, smaller, richer, etc.
ü If the ending-e, just add r, for example: later, nicer, etc.
ü If the ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant, the final consonant plus, then plus-er, for example: bigger, hotter, etc.
ü If the ending-y, then y changed to i then added er, for example: happier, Earlier, busier, heavier, etc.
ü For long adjectives, the rule only adds more words only on adjectives, for example: expensive to be more expensive, more beautiful to be beautiful, and so on. Some adjectives have irregular shapes, such as good - better, well (healthy) - better, bad - worse, far - farther / further, etc.
Adjectives with two syllables can use-er or more: quiet - quieter / more quiet, clever - cleverer / more clever, narrow - narrower / more narrow, simple - Simpler / more simple. Comparative adjectives are not only used to compare two different objects, but can also be used to compare the same object that points to itself, and the object is not to say, as one example sentence above: I want to have a more powerful computer.
Adjectives with two syllables
If the adjective has two or more syllables, we add more before the adjective. example:
ü This book is more expensive than that book.
ü This picture is more beautiful.
However, there are many exceptions to the rule of one / two syllables it.
Some words with 2 syllables have properties similar to words that have 1 syllable.
Example:
§ This is Easier – True
§ This is more easy - not really
§ This is Simpler – True
§ This is more simple - not true
And some adjectives can use both comparative form. example:
· Clever - cleverer - more clever: These are all correct
· Quiet - quieter - more quiet: These are all correct.
No exceptions can be learned through the rules, the best way to learn is to learn it one by one.
Example problems :
1. The Nile river is longer than the Amazon.
2. I’m taller than Yuri but shorter than Miko.
3. They’re more handsome than us, but we’re smarter than them.
4. This book bag is more expensive than that bag.
5. This newspaper is better than that newspaper.
Source :
Contoh soal Acept UGM Source: English Training Program (AcEPT & TOEFL ...
TOEFL: For Academic Institutions: TOEFL Program Resources - ETS
What are the best sources for the TOEFL reading section? - Quora
TOEFL Resources: Want a Better Score on the TOEFL iBT?
Rabu, 30 Maret 2016
Tugas bahasa inggris bisnis
Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2
Nama : Diva Marsya Rahman
(12212232)
Garda Harianggara (13212097)
Mawaputri (14212495)
Rani Eva Dewi (16212024)
Yulia Citra (17212927)
Yunita Eriyanti (17212971)
Third is the
sale of goods and services. Sale is the exchange of a product or service for
money. A car is sold to someone in exchange for money. Goods are products which
people either need or want; for example, cars can be classified as goods.
Services, on the other hand, are activities which a person or group performs
for another person or organization. For instance, an auto mechanic performs a
service when he repairs a car. A doctor also performs a service by taking care
of people when they are sick.
Ketiga
adalah penjualan barang dan jasa. Penjualan adalah pertukaran produk atau jasa
untuk uang. Sebuah mobil dijual kepada seseorang dengan imbalan uang. Barang adalah
produk yang orang-orang butuhkan atau inginkan; misalnya, mobil dapat diklasifikasikan
sebagai barang. Layanan, di sisi lain, adalah kegiatan yang seseorang atau
kelompok lakukan untuk orang lain atau organisasi. Misalnya, seorang montir
mobil melakukan layanan ketika ia perbaikan mobil. Seorang dokter juga
melakukan layanan dengan merawat orang-orang ketika mereka sakit.
Question
:
6. How do goods differ from services?
Answer
:
Goods are
defined as a physical product (tangible) which can be given to a purchaser and
involves the transfer of ownership from the seller to the customer. for example,
cars can be classified as goods. Services, on the other hand, are activities
which a person or group performs for another person or organization. For
instance, an auto mechanic performs a service when he repairs a car.
Question
:
10.
What is the primary goal of business activity?
Answer
:
Creating an economic surplus or profit
Source
: Wikipedia.com
Senin, 23 Maret 2015
DIKSI ATAU GAYA BAHASA
Diksi atau Gaya Bahasa
adalah pilihan kata. Maksudnya, kita memilih kata yang tepat untuk menyatakan sesuatu. Pilihan kata merupakan satu unsur sangat penting, baik dalam dunia karang-mengarang maupun dalam dunia tutur setiap hari. Dan menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, diksi berarti “pilihan kata yang tepat dan selaras (dalam penggunaannya) untuk mengungkapkan gagasan sehingga diperoleh efek tertentu (seperti yang diharapkan)”. Dari pernyataan itu tampak bahwa penguasaan kata seseorang akan mempengaruhi kegiatan berbahasanya, termasuk saat yang bersangkutan membuat karangan. Setiap kata memiliki makna tertentu untuk membuat gagasan yang ada dalam benak seseorang. Bahkan makna kata bisa saja “diubah” saat digunakan dalam kalimat yang berbeda. Hal ini mengisyaratkan bahwa makna kata yang sebenarnya akan diketahui saat digunakan dalam kalimat. Lebih dai itu, bisa saja menimbulkan dampak atau reaksi yang berbeda jika digunakan dalam kalimat yang berbeda. Kata yang tepat akan membantu seseorang mengungkapkan dengan tepat apa yang ingin disampaikannya, baik lisan maupun tulisan. Di samping itu, pemilihan kata itu harus pula sesuai dengan situasi dan tempat penggunaan kata-kata itu.
Hal yang utama mengenai diksi adalah
Pilihan kata atau diksi mencakup pengertian kata-kata mana yang dipakai untuk menyampaikan suatu gagasan, bagaimana membentuk pengelompokan kata-kata yang tepat atau menggunakan ungkapan-ungkapan yang tepat, dan gaya mana yang paling baik digunakan dalam suatu situasi.
Pilihan kata atau diksi adalah kemampuan membedakan secara tepat nuansa-nuansa makna dari suatu gagasan yang ingin disampaikan, dan kemampuan untuk menemukan bentuk yang sesuai (cocok) dengan situasi dan nilai rasa yang dimiliki kekompok masyarakat pendengar.
Pilihan kata yang tepat dan sesuai hanya dimungkinkan oleh penguasaan sejumlah besar kosa kata atau pembendaharaan kata bahasa itu. Sedangkan yang dimaksud perbendaharaan kata atau kosa kata suatu bahasa adalah keseluruhan kata yang dimiliki oleh sebuah bahasa.
Pilihan kata atau diksi bukan hanya memilih kata-kata yang cocok dan tepat untuk digunakan dalam mengungkapkan gagasan atau ide, tetapi juga menyangkut persoalan fraseologi (cara memakai kata atau frase di dalam konstruksi yang lebih luas, baik dalam bentuk tulisan maupun ujaran), ungkapan, dan gaya bahasa. Fraseologi mencakup persoalan kata-kata dalam pengelompokan atau susunannya, atau menyangkut cara-cara yang khusus berbentuk ungkapan-ungkapan. Pemilihan gaya bahasa yang akan digunakan pun merupakan kegiatan memilih kata menyangkut gaya-gaya ungkapan secara individu.
Berikut ini kutipan kata-kata dan gaya bahasa Vicky Prasetyo saat wawancara dengan Zaskia Gotik
Usiaku saat ini ya 29 my age ya,tapi aku tetap masih merindukan apresiasi. Karena basically ya aku seneng,seneng musik gitu,walaupun kontroversi hati aku lebih menunjukkan kepada kontroversi kemakmuran yang kita pilih.
Ya kita,kita belajar,ehm apa yah? Harmonisasi dari hal terkecil sampai hal terbesar. Aku pikir kita gak boleh ego terhadap 1 kepentingan dan kudeta apa yang tetap menjadi keinginan.
Dengan adanya hubungan ini bukan mempertakut atau mempersuram statusisasi kemakmuran keluarga dia,tapi menjadi konviden,tapi kita harus mensiasati kecerdasan itu. Untuk labil ekonomi kita tetap lebih baik dan aku sangat bangga.
Kata-kata yang digaris bawahi merupakan kata tidak baku. Dan berikut ini
kata-kata setelah diperbaiki :
· Usiaku : Usia saya
· Pikir : Berfikir
· 29 my age : Umur saya 29 tahun
· Gak boleh : Tidak boleh
· Tapi : Tetapi
· Ego : Egois
· Apresiasi : Penghargaan
· Kudeta : Mengambil alih kekuasaan
· Seneng : Senang
· Mempertakut : Menakuti
· Kontroversi : Hal yang berlawanan
· Statusisasi : Status
· Harmonisasi : Harmoni/seimbang
· Konviden : Nyaman
Dan dibawah ini adalah kalimat pembenaran dari gaya bahasa wawancara vicky diatas :
Usia saya saat ini 29 tahun,tetapi saya tetap masih merindukan penghargaan. Karena pada dasarnya saya senang dengan musik,walaupun bertentangan dengan hati saya,lebih menunjukkan kepada pertentangan kemakmuran yang kita pilih.
Kita belajar menyeimbangkan dari hal terkecil sampai hal terbesar. Saya berfikir kita tidak boleh egois terhadap 1 kepentingan dan merampas hak yang tetap menjadi keinginan.
Dengan adanya hubungan ini bukan menakuti atau mempersuram status kejayaan keluarganya,tetapi membuat nyaman dan kita harus mensiasati kecerdasan itu. Untuk kelabilan ekonomi kita tetap lebih baik dan aku sangat bangga.
Sumber: google
Senin, 05 Januari 2015
analisa jurnal tentang prilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan suatu barang
ANALISIS JURNAL PERILAKU KONSUMEN
Jurnal Perilaku Konsumen
Pengaruh Iklan Televisi Terhadap Perilaku Konsumen Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Pembelian Sabun Mandi Lifeboy
PENDAHULUAN
Seiring dengan berubahnya pola hidup dan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan barang-barang konsumsi, maka produksi barang-barang konsumsi juga mengalami banyak kemajuan. Persoalan tersebut akhirnya mengakibatkan persaingan super ketat dari produsen, hal ini akan berpengaruh pada pola hidup masyarakat dengan semakin gencarnya informasi yang mereka terima dari suatu produk. Berbagai upaya promosi dilakukan untuk menarik minat konsumen agar mau membeli produk yang mereka hasilkan. Gencarnya promosi yang dilakukan dapat dilihat dari banyaknya iklan yang dipasang atau disiarkan oleh para pengguna jasa iklan pada berbagai media masa baik cetak maupun elektronik termasuk televisi. Iklan pada sebuah tayangan televisi merupakan salah satu bentuk promosi, berusaha memberikan informasi kepada konsumen tentang adanya produk tertentu. Keunggulan dan kualitas menjadi ciri suatu iklann untuk mempengaruhi konsumen agar memilihnya serta mendapatkannya. Dampak dari suatu iklan televisi tergantung bagaimana pesan disampaikan. Variabel-variabel dalam mempelajari iklan televisi digolongkan menjadi tiga, yaitu (Kotler, 1993:291) :
1. Suasana Suasana adalah latar belakang keadaan yang dapat menggambarkan suatu maksud tertentu di dalam suatu iklan.
2. Dialog Dialog adalah pesan iklan yang disampaikan dalam di dalam suatu media yang diharapkan dapat menarik konsumen untuk membeli produk tersebut.
3. Personal Personal adalah orang-orang yang dapat dipakai dalam menyampaikan pesan iklan. Produsen selalu berupaya mendesain pesan iklan sedemikian rupa agar menarik. Semakin menarik suatu iklan dan semakin dilihat, dibaca, dan didengar maka semakin akrab konsumen dengan produk-produk yang diiklankan, maka dapat diharapkan konsumen untuk memilihnya. Sesuatu yang asing tentunya kurang disukai oleh konsumen. Penelitian tentang iklan televisi yang sering digunakan produsen untuk memperlancar komunikasi dengan konsumennya dan masyarakat luas sangat menarik. Iklan sabun mandi lifebuoy versi membersihkan tanah longsor akan dijadikan fokus dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk :
1. Mengetahui pengaruh suasana terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
2. Mengetahui pengaruh dialog terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
3. Mengetahui pengaruh personal terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
4. Mengetahui pengaruh suasana, dialog, dan personal secara bersama-sama terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
Review jurnal pendahuluan perilaku konsumen
Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu pola hidup masyarakat sekarang berbeda dengan zaman dulu di mana dulu pola hdup masyarakat dulu kurang memetingkan kebersihan sehingga sangat gampang terserang penyakit. Sekaran di zaman yang modern ini kita sudah mengenal dengan sabun mandi zaman dulu untuk mandi saja orang-orang tidak menggunakan sabun yang bermerek sehingga terjaminya kesehatan kurang kini sabun mandi telah berinovasi dengan berbagai merek yang kualitas dan kesehatanya terjamin pilihan pun banyak ada yang anti kuman anti bau badan variasi warna dan harum nya juga banyak. Kini maraknya berbagai macam merek sabun menimbulkan sebuah persaingan atara merek sabun yang lain kita sebagai konsumen harus pandai memilih merek sabun dengan kualitas yang bagus, banyak sabun yang dijual tanpa memperdulikan kesehatannya untuk konsumen di jual dengan harga murah perbedaanya dengan yang mahal sangat jauh lebih kita sebagai harus konsumen jangan gampang terpengaruhi dengan merek sabun yang murah tapi tidak sehat Karena kesehatan kulit itu penting. Berbagai upaya promosi pun dilakukan di media iklan surat kabar yang ditawarkan juga bermacam-macam untuk menarik minat konsumen Keunggulan dan kualitas menjadi ciri suatu iklann untuk mempengaruhi konsumen agar memilihnya serta mendapatkannya. Dampak dari suatu iklan televisi tergantung bagaimana pesan disampaikan agar konsumen berminat untuk membelinya, tetapi sebagai konsumen jangan terlalu percaya dengan cara promosi yang ditawarkan terkadang promosi hanya membuat konsumen tertarik, namun dengan hasil sabun yang kurang memuaskan konsumen.
Keputusan pembelian.
Dalam tahap evaluasi, para konsumen membentuk preferensi atas merek-merek yang ada di dalam kumpulan pilihan. Faktor sikap orang lain dan situasi yang tidak dapat diantisipasi yang dapat mengubah niat pembelian termasuk faktor-faktor penghambat pembelian. Dalam melaksanakan niat pembelian, konsumen dapat membuat lima sub-keputusan pembelian, yaitu: keputusan merek, keputusan pemasok, keputusan kuantitas, keputusan waktu dan keputusan metode pembayaran.
Perilaku pasca pembelian.
Para pemasar harus memantau kepuasan pasca pembelian, tindakan pasca pembelian dan pemakaian produk pasca pembelian, yang tujuan utamanya adalah agar konsumen melakukan pembelian ulang.
Sumber google.com
Jurnal Perilaku Konsumen
Pengaruh Iklan Televisi Terhadap Perilaku Konsumen Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Pembelian Sabun Mandi Lifeboy
PENDAHULUAN
Seiring dengan berubahnya pola hidup dan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan barang-barang konsumsi, maka produksi barang-barang konsumsi juga mengalami banyak kemajuan. Persoalan tersebut akhirnya mengakibatkan persaingan super ketat dari produsen, hal ini akan berpengaruh pada pola hidup masyarakat dengan semakin gencarnya informasi yang mereka terima dari suatu produk. Berbagai upaya promosi dilakukan untuk menarik minat konsumen agar mau membeli produk yang mereka hasilkan. Gencarnya promosi yang dilakukan dapat dilihat dari banyaknya iklan yang dipasang atau disiarkan oleh para pengguna jasa iklan pada berbagai media masa baik cetak maupun elektronik termasuk televisi. Iklan pada sebuah tayangan televisi merupakan salah satu bentuk promosi, berusaha memberikan informasi kepada konsumen tentang adanya produk tertentu. Keunggulan dan kualitas menjadi ciri suatu iklann untuk mempengaruhi konsumen agar memilihnya serta mendapatkannya. Dampak dari suatu iklan televisi tergantung bagaimana pesan disampaikan. Variabel-variabel dalam mempelajari iklan televisi digolongkan menjadi tiga, yaitu (Kotler, 1993:291) :
1. Suasana Suasana adalah latar belakang keadaan yang dapat menggambarkan suatu maksud tertentu di dalam suatu iklan.
2. Dialog Dialog adalah pesan iklan yang disampaikan dalam di dalam suatu media yang diharapkan dapat menarik konsumen untuk membeli produk tersebut.
3. Personal Personal adalah orang-orang yang dapat dipakai dalam menyampaikan pesan iklan. Produsen selalu berupaya mendesain pesan iklan sedemikian rupa agar menarik. Semakin menarik suatu iklan dan semakin dilihat, dibaca, dan didengar maka semakin akrab konsumen dengan produk-produk yang diiklankan, maka dapat diharapkan konsumen untuk memilihnya. Sesuatu yang asing tentunya kurang disukai oleh konsumen. Penelitian tentang iklan televisi yang sering digunakan produsen untuk memperlancar komunikasi dengan konsumennya dan masyarakat luas sangat menarik. Iklan sabun mandi lifebuoy versi membersihkan tanah longsor akan dijadikan fokus dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk :
1. Mengetahui pengaruh suasana terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
2. Mengetahui pengaruh dialog terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
3. Mengetahui pengaruh personal terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
4. Mengetahui pengaruh suasana, dialog, dan personal secara bersama-sama terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian sabun mandi lifebuoy.
Review jurnal pendahuluan perilaku konsumen
Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu pola hidup masyarakat sekarang berbeda dengan zaman dulu di mana dulu pola hdup masyarakat dulu kurang memetingkan kebersihan sehingga sangat gampang terserang penyakit. Sekaran di zaman yang modern ini kita sudah mengenal dengan sabun mandi zaman dulu untuk mandi saja orang-orang tidak menggunakan sabun yang bermerek sehingga terjaminya kesehatan kurang kini sabun mandi telah berinovasi dengan berbagai merek yang kualitas dan kesehatanya terjamin pilihan pun banyak ada yang anti kuman anti bau badan variasi warna dan harum nya juga banyak. Kini maraknya berbagai macam merek sabun menimbulkan sebuah persaingan atara merek sabun yang lain kita sebagai konsumen harus pandai memilih merek sabun dengan kualitas yang bagus, banyak sabun yang dijual tanpa memperdulikan kesehatannya untuk konsumen di jual dengan harga murah perbedaanya dengan yang mahal sangat jauh lebih kita sebagai harus konsumen jangan gampang terpengaruhi dengan merek sabun yang murah tapi tidak sehat Karena kesehatan kulit itu penting. Berbagai upaya promosi pun dilakukan di media iklan surat kabar yang ditawarkan juga bermacam-macam untuk menarik minat konsumen Keunggulan dan kualitas menjadi ciri suatu iklann untuk mempengaruhi konsumen agar memilihnya serta mendapatkannya. Dampak dari suatu iklan televisi tergantung bagaimana pesan disampaikan agar konsumen berminat untuk membelinya, tetapi sebagai konsumen jangan terlalu percaya dengan cara promosi yang ditawarkan terkadang promosi hanya membuat konsumen tertarik, namun dengan hasil sabun yang kurang memuaskan konsumen.
Keputusan pembelian.
Dalam tahap evaluasi, para konsumen membentuk preferensi atas merek-merek yang ada di dalam kumpulan pilihan. Faktor sikap orang lain dan situasi yang tidak dapat diantisipasi yang dapat mengubah niat pembelian termasuk faktor-faktor penghambat pembelian. Dalam melaksanakan niat pembelian, konsumen dapat membuat lima sub-keputusan pembelian, yaitu: keputusan merek, keputusan pemasok, keputusan kuantitas, keputusan waktu dan keputusan metode pembayaran.
Perilaku pasca pembelian.
Para pemasar harus memantau kepuasan pasca pembelian, tindakan pasca pembelian dan pemakaian produk pasca pembelian, yang tujuan utamanya adalah agar konsumen melakukan pembelian ulang.
Sumber google.com
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